Create hardened docker image (#955)

* Create hardened docker image

* Remove healthcheck that can't work

* Pin action dependencies

* Further cleanup and hardening

* Fix broken hardened build

* Enhance Dockerfile with healthcheck and optimizations

Added healthcheck helper using a small Go file module and improved Dockerfile structure for readability.

---------

Co-authored-by: Katos <7927609+katosdev@users.noreply.github.com>

.github/workflows/docker-publish-hardened.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+name: Docker publish hardened
+
+on:
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '00 0 * * *'
+  push:
+    branches: [ "main" ]
+    paths:
+      - 'backend/**'
+      - 'frontend/**'
+      - 'Dockerfile.hardened'
+      - '.dockerignore'
+      - '.github/workflows/docker-publish-hardened.yaml'
+    tags: [ 'v*.*.*' ]
+  pull_request:
+    branches: [ "main" ]
+    paths:
+      - 'backend/**'
+      - 'frontend/**'
+      - 'Dockerfile.hardened'
+      - '.dockerignore'
+      - '.github/workflows/docker-publish-hardened.yaml'
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read        # Access to repository contents
+  packages: write       # Write access for pushing to GHCR
+  id-token: write       # Required for OIDC authentication (if used)
+  attestations: write   # Required for signing and attestation (if needed)
+
+env:
+  DOCKERHUB_REPO: sysadminsmedia/homebox
+  GHCR_REPO: ghcr.io/${{ github.repository }}
+
+jobs:
+  build:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+      packages: write
+      id-token: write
+      attestations: write
+      
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        platform:
+          - linux/amd64
+          - linux/arm64
+          - linux/arm/v7
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Enable Debug Logs
+        run: echo "##[debug]Enabling debug logging"
+        env:
+          ACTIONS_RUNNER_DEBUG: true
+          ACTIONS_STEP_DEBUG: true
+
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Prepare
+        run: |
+          echo "BUILD_TIME=$(date -u +%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          platform=${{ matrix.platform }}
+          echo "PLATFORM_PAIR=${platform//\//-}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          branch=${{ github.event.pull_request.number || github.ref_name }}
+          echo "BRANCH=${branch//\//-}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "DOCKERNAMES=${{ env.DOCKERHUB_REPO }},${{ env.GHCR_REPO }}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          if [[ "${{ github.event_name }}" != "schedule" ]] || [[ "${{ github.ref }}" != refs/tags/* ]]; then
+            echo "DOCKERNAMES=${{ env.GHCR_REPO }}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          fi
+
+      - name: Docker meta
+        id: meta
+        uses: docker/metadata-action@c1e51972afc2121e065aed6d45c65596fe445f3f
+        with:
+          images: |
+            name=${{ env.DOCKERHUB_REPO }},enable=${{ github.event_name == 'schedule' || startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/') }}
+            name=${{ env.GHCR_REPO }}
+
+      - name: Login to Docker Hub
+        uses: docker/login-action@184bdaa0721073962dff0199f1fb9940f07167d1
+        if: (github.event_name == 'schedule' || startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/'))
+        with:
+          username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USERNAME }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_PASSWORD }}
+
+      - name: Login to GHCR
+        uses: docker/login-action@184bdaa0721073962dff0199f1fb9940f07167d1
+        with:
+          registry: ghcr.io
+          username: ${{ github.actor }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+
+      - name: Set up QEMU
+        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@29109295f81e9208d7d86ff1c6c12d2833863392
+        with:
+          image: ghcr.io/amitie10g/binfmt:latest
+
+      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@e468171a9de216ec08956ac3ada2f0791b6bd435
+        with:
+          driver-opts: |
+            image=ghcr.io/amitie10g/buildkit:master
+
+      - name: Build and push by digest
+        id: build
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@263435318d21b8e681c14492fe198d362a7d2c83
+        with:
+          context: . # Explicitly specify the build context
+          file: ./Dockerfile.hardened # Explicitly specify the Dockerfile
+          platforms: ${{ matrix.platform }}
+          labels: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.labels }}
+          outputs: type=image,"name=${{ env.DOCKERNAMES }}",push-by-digest=true,name-canonical=true,push=${{ github.event_name != 'pull_request' }}
+          cache-from: type=registry,ref=ghcr.io/sysadminsmedia/devcache:${{ env.PLATFORM_PAIR }}-${{ env.BRANCH }}-hardened
+          cache-to: type=registry,ref=ghcr.io/sysadminsmedia/devcache:${{ env.PLATFORM_PAIR }}-${{ env.BRANCH }}-hardened,mode=max,ignore-error=true
+          build-args: |
+            VERSION=${{ github.ref_name }}
+            COMMIT=${{ github.sha }}
+            BUILD_TIME=${{ env.BUILD_TIME }}
+          provenance: true
+          sbom: true
+          annotations: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.annotations }}
+          
+      - name: Export digest
+        run: |
+          mkdir -p /tmp/digests
+          digest="${{ steps.build.outputs.digest }}"
+          touch "/tmp/digests/${digest#sha256:}"
+
+      - name: Upload digest
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@ea165f8d65b6e75b540449e92b4886f43607fa02
+        with:
+          name: digests-${{ env.PLATFORM_PAIR }}
+          path: /tmp/digests/*
+          if-no-files-found: error
+          retention-days: 1
+
+  merge:
+    if: github.event_name != 'pull_request'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+      packages: write
+      id-token: write
+      attestations: write
+    needs:
+      - build
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Download digests
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@d3f86a106a0bac45b974a628896c90dbdf5c8093
+        with:
+          path: /tmp/digests
+          pattern: digests-*
+          merge-multiple: true
+
+      - name: Login to Docker Hub
+        uses: docker/login-action@184bdaa0721073962dff0199f1fb9940f07167d1
+        if: (github.event_name == 'schedule' || startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/'))
+        with:
+          username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USERNAME }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_PASSWORD }}
+
+      - name: Login to GHCR
+        uses: docker/login-action@184bdaa0721073962dff0199f1fb9940f07167d1
+        with:
+          registry: ghcr.io
+          username: ${{ github.actor }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+
+      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@e468171a9de216ec08956ac3ada2f0791b6bd435
+        with:
+          driver-opts: |
+            image=ghcr.io/amitie10g/buildkit:master
+
+      - name: Docker meta
+        id: meta
+        uses: docker/metadata-action@c1e51972afc2121e065aed6d45c65596fe445f3f
+        with:
+          images: |
+            name=${{ env.DOCKERHUB_REPO }},enable=${{ github.event_name == 'schedule' || startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/') }}
+            name=${{ env.GHCR_REPO }}
+          tags: |
+            type=ref,event=branch
+            type=ref,event=pr
+            type=semver,pattern={{version}}
+            type=semver,pattern={{major}}.{{minor}}
+            type=semver,pattern={{major}}
+            type=schedule,pattern=nightly
+          flavor: |
+            suffix=-hardened,onlatest=true
+
+      - name: Create manifest list and push GHCR
+        id: push-ghcr
+        working-directory: /tmp/digests
+        run: |
+          docker buildx imagetools create $(jq -cr '.tags | map("-t " + .) | join(" ")' <<< "$DOCKER_METADATA_OUTPUT_JSON") \
+            $(printf '${{ env.GHCR_REPO }}@sha256:%s ' *)
+
+      - name: Create manifest list and push Dockerhub
+        id: push-dockerhub
+        working-directory: /tmp/digests
+        if: (github.event_name == 'schedule' || startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/'))
+        run: |
+          docker buildx imagetools create $(jq -cr '.tags | map("-t " + .) | join(" ")' <<< "$DOCKER_METADATA_OUTPUT_JSON") \
+            $(printf '${{ env.DOCKERHUB_REPO }}@sha256:%s ' *)

.github/workflows/docker-publish-rootless.yaml

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ on:
     paths:
       - 'backend/**'
       - 'frontend/**'
-      - 'Dockerfile'
+      - 'Dockerfile.rootless'
       - '.dockerignore'
       - '.github/workflows/docker-publish-rootless.yaml'
     ignore:
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ on:
     paths:
       - 'backend/**'
       - 'frontend/**'
-      - 'Dockerfile'
+      - 'Dockerfile.rootless'
       - '.dockerignore'
       - '.github/workflows/docker-publish-rootless.yaml'
     ignore:

.github/workflows/pull-requests.yaml

@@ -9,7 +9,10 @@ on:
     paths:
       - 'backend/**'
       - 'frontend/**'
-      - '.github/workflows/**'
+      - '.github/workflows/partial-backend.yaml'
+      - '.github/workflows/partial-frontend.yaml'
+      - '.github/workflows/e2e-partial.yaml'
+      - '.github/workflows/pull-requests.yaml'
 
 jobs:
   backend-tests:

Dockerfile.hardened

@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+# ---------------------------------------
+# Node dependencies stage
+# ---------------------------------------
+FROM public.ecr.aws/docker/library/node:lts-alpine AS frontend-dependencies
+WORKDIR /app
+
+# Install pnpm globally (caching layer)
+RUN npm install -g pnpm
+
+# Copy package.json and lockfile to leverage caching
+COPY frontend/package.json frontend/pnpm-lock.yaml ./
+RUN pnpm install --frozen-lockfile
+
+# ---------------------------------------
+# Build Nuxt (frontend) stage
+# ---------------------------------------
+FROM public.ecr.aws/docker/library/node:lts-alpine AS frontend-builder
+WORKDIR /app
+
+# Install pnpm globally again (it can reuse the cache if not changed)
+RUN npm install -g pnpm
+
+# Copy over source files and node_modules from dependencies stage
+COPY frontend .
+COPY --from=frontend-dependencies /app/node_modules ./node_modules
+RUN pnpm build
+
+# ---------------------------------------
+# Go dependencies stage
+# ---------------------------------------
+FROM public.ecr.aws/docker/library/golang:alpine AS builder-dependencies
+WORKDIR /go/src/app
+
+# Copy go.mod and go.sum for better caching
+COPY ./backend/go.mod ./backend/go.sum ./
+RUN go mod download
+
+# ---------------------------------------
+# Build API + healthcheck stage
+# ---------------------------------------
+FROM public.ecr.aws/docker/library/golang:alpine AS builder
+ARG TARGETOS
+ARG TARGETARCH
+ARG BUILD_TIME
+ARG COMMIT
+ARG VERSION
+
+# Install necessary build tools
+RUN apk update && \
+    apk upgrade && \
+    apk add --no-cache git build-base gcc g++
+
+WORKDIR /go/src/app
+
+# Copy Go modules (from dependencies stage) and source code
+COPY --from=builder-dependencies /go/pkg/mod /go/pkg/mod
+COPY ./backend .
+
+# Clear old public files and copy new ones from frontend build
+RUN rm -rf ./app/api/public
+COPY --from=frontend-builder /app/.output/public ./app/api/static/public
+
+# Use cache for Go build artifacts to build Homebox API
+RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.cache/go-build \
+     CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=$TARGETOS GOARCH=$TARGETARCH go build \
+        -ldflags "-s -w -X main.commit=$COMMIT -X main.buildTime=$BUILD_TIME -X main.version=$VERSION" \
+        -tags nodynamic -o /go/bin/api -v ./app/api/*.go
+
+RUN chmod +x /go/bin/api
+RUN mkdir /app
+RUN mkdir /data
+
+# ---------- Build static healthcheck helper ----------
+# A small Go program that GETs the status URL and exits 0 on 2xx.
+RUN cat > /tmp/healthcheck.go <<'EOF'
+package main
+import (
+  "fmt"
+  "net/http"
+  "os"
+  "time"
+)
+func main() {
+  url := "http://127.0.0.1:7745/api/v1/status"
+  if len(os.Args) > 1 { url = os.Args[1] }
+  c := &http.Client{ Timeout: 3 * time.Second }
+  resp, err := c.Get(url)
+  if err != nil { fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, err); os.Exit(1) }
+  resp.Body.Close()
+  if resp.StatusCode/100 != 2 {
+    fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "unexpected status:", resp.StatusCode)
+    os.Exit(1)
+  }
+}
+EOF
+
+RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.cache/go-build \
+    CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=$TARGETOS GOARCH=$TARGETARCH \
+    go build -ldflags "-s -w" -o /go/bin/hc /tmp/healthcheck.go
+
+# ---------------------------------------
+# Production stage
+# ---------------------------------------
+FROM gcr.io/distroless/static:nonroot
+ENV HBOX_MODE=production
+ENV HBOX_STORAGE_CONN_STRING=file:///?no_tmp_dir=true
+ENV HBOX_STORAGE_PREFIX_PATH=data
+ENV HBOX_DATABASE_SQLITE_PATH=/data/homebox.db?_pragma=busy_timeout=2000&_pragma=journal_mode=WAL&_fk=1&_time_format=sqlite
+
+# Create application directory and copy over built Go binary and assets
+COPY --from=builder --chown=65532:65532 /app /app
+COPY --from=builder --chown=65532:65532 --chmod=755 /go/bin/api /app
+COPY --from=builder --chown=65532:65532 /data /data
+
+# Copy the healthcheck helper
+COPY --from=builder --chown=65532:65532 --chmod=755 /go/bin/hc /app/healthcheck
+
+# Labels and configuration for the final image
+LABEL Name=homebox Version=0.0.1
+LABEL org.opencontainers.image.source="https://github.com/sysadminsmedia/homebox"
+
+# Expose necessary ports for Homebox
+EXPOSE 7745
+WORKDIR /app
+
+# Persist volume for data
+VOLUME [ "/data" ]
+
+# Entrypoint and CMD
+USER 65532
+ENTRYPOINT [ "/app/api" ]
+CMD [ "/data/config.yml" ]
+
+# JSON exec-form healthcheck (no shell, no wget)
+HEALTHCHECK --interval=30s --timeout=5s --start-period=5s --retries=3 \
+  CMD ["/app/healthcheck", "http://127.0.0.1:7745/api/v1/status"]

docker-compose.yml

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ services:
     image: homebox
     build:
       context: .
-      dockerfile: ./Dockerfile.rootless
+      dockerfile: ./Dockerfile.hardened
       args:
         - COMMIT=head
         - BUILD_TIME=0001-01-01T00:00:00Z